Arrays
Rows times columns make the total
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Does counting a dot array by rows give the same total as counting it by columns? Pick “By Rows” or “By Columns”, tap each row or column to count, and the matching multiplication equation appears when you finish. Try both ways to feel why rows × columns = total — and get a first taste of swapping factors.
Arrange dots in neat rows and columns: how many in each row and how many rows give the total as rows times columns. Count by rows or by columns—the total stays the same.